World Vision
16 January 2020
Contributions
User Journeys of Cash + Entrepreneurship Participants: A journey mapping case study from Colombia
Case Study
The VenEsperanza Consortium’s latest report showcases the real experiences of participants who received cash assistance and complementary entrepreneurship programming though journey mapping. Inspired by human-centered design, journey mapping aims to understand diverse users’ needs, behaviors, and experiences and to document their stories as they progress through the program — from first...
July 2024
User Journeys of Cash + Savings Group Participants: A journey mapping case study from Colombia
Case Study
The VenEsperanza Consortium’s latest report showcases the real experiences of participants who received cash assistance and complementary savings group programming though journey mapping. Inspired by human-centered design, journey mapping aims to understand diverse users’ needs, behaviors, and experiences and to document their stories as they progress through the program — from first...
July 2024
Integrating Livelihoods Support into Emergency Assistance Programming
Guidelines and Tools
This report draws on research and learning to advocate for broader consideration of expanded humanitarian response programming, especially in situations of prolonged crises. Livelihoods programs have a crucial role to play in emergency settings, especially when combined with and aligned with cash assistance. Integrating livelihoods programming into humanitarian cash assistance demands careful...
April 2024
Cash For Education in Akkar
Report
This research aims to explore the effects of cash assistance on the ability of girls and boys in Akkar, Lebanon, to access and stay in education. It delves into the complex crisis in Lebanon, which involves economic decline, disruptions in education, and adverse impacts on vulnerable groups like girls and boys with disabilities, refugees, and the most impoverished families. The study endeavors...
January 2024
Working with Financial Service Providers to Provide Emergency Cash Assistance
Guidelines and Tools
This report, prepared and published as part of VenEsperanza’s research and learning agenda, presents lessons learned and best practices related to the collaboration between humanitarian actors and financial service providers (FSPs) in delivering multi-purpose cash assistance in emergency contexts. Using VenEsperanza as a case study, this report documents and explores the important role FSPs...
23 October 2023
Unified Cash+ Framework of Bangladesh: For anticipatory action and response
Report
This document presents a proposal for a harmonised inter-sectoral approach to cash+ (cash and other forms of support) in anticipation of rapid onset hazard events as well as the response phase. The formulations are based on the HCTT pre-crisis survey conducted in June 2023 and the workshop on the 22nd of June where the initial proposal was formulated. The aim of this initial proposal is to be...
October 2023
Pre-crisis Assessment of Monsoon Flooding in Bangladesh
Report
Shifting the focus from response to anticipation of monsoon floods, the Office of the UN Resident Coordinator (RCO) and Humanitarian Coordination Task Team (HCTT) with support from NORCAP/CashCap implemented a pre-crisis survey to understand at-risk people’s perceptions and preparations for monsoon flooding and help define a unified intersectoral cash+ approach for Anticipatory action and...
28 September 2023
Saving Lives and Assets: The value of nexus “Cash” approaches to Anticipatory Action and Social Protection during climate-induced crises
Report
As a follow-on reflection from an inter-agency panel presentation at the ECHO EHF 2023, panelists highlight the importance of drastically changing “gear” to scale up pre-crisis Anticipatory Action investment, leveraging the “nexus” enabler – cash. Humanitarian needs have reached an unprecedented high. Today, around 339 million require lifesaving humanitarian assistance. Multiple...
26 June 2023
The Impact of Conditional Education Assistance
Policy paper
This Policy Brief by World Vision Laos PDR, World Vision Taiwan, Lao Ministry of Education and Sport, FCDO (through the British Embassy Vientiane) highlight the impact of conditional education assistance (cash transfers) supporting transition of vulnerable children from primary to lower secondary school. Providing education cash assistance for poor and disadvantaged students in remote areas...
31 October 2022
Cash consortium guidance: How to launch and manage a cash assistance program and consortium. Lessons from VenEsperanza, Latin America’s largest humanitarian cash consortium
Case Study
The VenEsperanza Consortium is working to expand its research and influence on issues related to the provision of MPCA in emergencies and coordination between humanitarian actors in emergency settings. With this objective in mind, VenEsperanza has prioritized investment in greater evidence generation and analysis to harvest lessons learned for the benefit of humanitarian agencies and cash...
30 September 2022
Risks and safeguarding strategies in multi-purpose cash assistance (MPCA) programming. Lessons from VenEsperanza, Latin America’s largest cash consortium
Case Study
This report, prepared and published as part of VenEsperanza’s research and learning agenda, provides an account of VenEsperanza’s cash transfer program in Colombia and lessons learned to date. The report describes the five phases of VenEsperanza programming and presents prominent potential risks and safeguarding strategies during each phase, including lessons learned and best practices....
30 September 2022
Links and bridging mechanisms between cash assistance and livelihoods development/restoration programming. A review of evidence and learning from the VenEsperanza consortium
Case Study
As part of VenEsperanza’s research and learning agenda, this report provides guidance on links and bridging mechanisms between cash assistance and livelihoods development/restoration programming using the VenEsperanza Consortium as a supporting case study. This research adds to a growing body of evidence demonstrating the promise and potential for bridging cash and livelihoods programming....
30 September 2022
Inter-Agency Humanitarian Cash for Work Guidelines: Afghanistan
Guidelines and Tools
Forty years of war, recurrent natural disasters, chronic poverty, drought, and the COVID-19 pandemic have left more than 24 million people in Afghanistan in need of humanitarian assistance . Over the years Afghanistan has experienced massive destruction of basic infrastructure, health and educational facilities, commercial buildings, private houses, and agricultural assets. Several assessments...
September 2022
Northwest Syria Cash and Voucher Assistance Risk and Mitigation Matrix
Guidelines and Tools
This risk matrix is a working document which outlines the key risks that can have an impact on Cash and Voucher Assistance programming in Northwest Syria and identifies mitigation measures that can help aid agencies address these risks. These CVA risks and mitigation measures were identified through an inter-agency collaborative process, thereby reflecting the key risks and feasible mitigation...
30 March 2022
Economic Resilience “On-the-Move” – New Tools to leverage local markets for basic needs through conflict-sensitive approaches
Guidelines and Tools
See the publication here A special look at Cash and Local Markets for Social Cohesion Local market actors affected by (natural) disasters, pandemic lockdowns with movement restrictions and income loss – generally in Fragile Contexts – play a critical role in contributing towards communities’ basic needs with goods and services (including in refugee settings). Local market actors are part...
9 March 2022
The Role of Cash and Voucher Assistance in Increasing Equity and Inclusion for Girls and Children with Disabilities in Education in Emergencies
Report
The Global Education Cluster (GEC) has been working to build the evidence base around cash and voucher assistance (CVA) in education in emergencies (EiE), resulting in the publication of the “Cash and Voucher Assistance for Education in Emergencies Synthesis Report and Guidelines” in 2019. This report identified gaps in the evidence, particularly on the role of CVA in increasing equity and...
21 February 2022
2021 Cash And Voucher Programming (CVP) Roadmap Milestones Achieved
Report
Summary Report of World Vision’s global progress report and milestones (against WV’s global Cash Roadmap Strategy) in Cash Voucher Assistance (Cash Voucher Programming-CVP) facilitated by World Vision in over 44 countries, reaching more than 6.7 Mio vulnerable people (78 % in Fragile Contexts) in 2021, indicating delivery mechanisms, financial inclusion and social protection pathways’...
14 February 2022
Transfers with Impact – Pathway to Link Humanitarian Cash to Social Protection through Social Accountability
Policy paper
In response to the socio-economic impacts of the pandemic, governments have introduced over 1,600 social protection measures in almost all the world’s countries and territories. Cash assistance – a critical intervention in supporting the world’s most vulnerable people – also grew by 240% during this time, reaching 1.1 billion people. However, most of these support systems are...
24 June 2021
Minding the (financial and digital) gap! – How informal social safety nets leverage digital & cash enablers in COVID-19 pandemic
Presentation
Minding the (financial and digital) gap! – How informal social safety nets leverage digital & cash enablers in COVID-19 pandemic: In every context, strengthening the links between cash transfers, savings groups and digitisation contributes to resilient recovery from COVID-19. Representatives of multi-stakeholder partnerships from humanitarian cash, voucher assistance to microfinance and...
17 May 2021
Cash and Voucher Programming in COVID-19, Lessons Learnt from Asia Pacific
Report
COVID-19 has left an indelible adverse impact on all aspects of life not just health but also on livelihood, food security, protection, and many others. After the WHO declared a global pandemic in March 2020, World Vision mindfully scaled up its response to support most vulnerable households through multi-sectoral approaches. In 2020, WV maximised the use of Cash and Voucher Programming (CVP)...
12 May 2021
Data Responsibility Toolkit: A Guide for CVA Practitioners
Report
This updated toolkit builds on ELAN’s widely-used 2016 Data Starter Kit, which was one of the first resources providing orientation on data privacy and security in humanitarian work. The new toolkit offers a range of ways to work data responsibility into programme planning, design, implementation, monitoring, evaluation, accountability and learning) activities. The toolkit offers...
10 March 2021
2020 Cash and Voucher Programming (CVP): Roadmap and milestone achieved
Report
In 2020, World Vision has implemented cash and voucher programming like never before – not least due to the COVID-19 pandemic and related social protection transfer scale-ups. From 2019 to 2020, we have seen a 28 % increase of our cash, voucher based programming, moving towards enabling affected communities and esp. children. These modalities enabled those most affected by disaster, conflict...
22 January 2021
WVI Cash and Voucher Programming Indicator Compendium
Guidelines and Tools
This indicator compendium was designed to support World Vision field offices to design and monitor quality cash and voucher programmes. Specifically, the compendium will enable colleagues responsible for designing, implementing and monitoring cash and voucher programming to select appropriate indicators to monitor whether or not cash/voucher interventions have the intended outcomes and to...
1 January 2021
World Vision Ethiopia Staple Food Market Assessment Report (Cash and Voucher Program Implementation)
Report
The Cash and Voucher based program intervention in Addis Ababa is in response to COVID-19 pandemic in Addis Ketema and Lideta Sub-City Administrations. The intervention supports the most vulnerable group of people impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of Markets and Vendors assessment conducted in Addis Ababa is to understand the functionality, accessibility and capacity of the...
10 October 2020
Cash Assistance Program For Families Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic
Report
In March 2020, the Philippines faced one of its toughest challenges yet: the Coronavirus Disease 2019, more popularly known as “COVID-19”. Declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a global pandemic, the disease rapidly spread in the months that followed, bringing the confirmed cases to over 30,000 in the country by June 2020. In a bid to prevent further spread of the virus, the...
28 September 2020
Responding to the COVID-19 Crisis: Linking humanitarian Cash and Social Protection in practise
Report
This paper seeks to demonstrate practical ways in which NGOs are linking their humanitarian work to social protection and the added importance of this in the context of COVID-19, following from the earlier work of CCD outlining the role of NGOs to
improve the access to and delivery of social protection in crises and the COVID-19 advocacy paper. This is written for signatories of the Grand...
27 July 2020
COVID-19: Invest now in cash/voucher-social protection scale-up or children pay the price later
Report
Read the article here. Only socially accountable Social Protection Assistance beyond humanitarian cash/voucher programmes – if properly and quickly implemented – will protect generations of children from the aftershocks of COVID-19. Despite cash and voucher transfers becoming the tool of choice of social protection scale-up called for by UNSG as part of the UN COVID-19 Global Humanitarian...
25 June 2020
COVID-19 & Urgent Need for Child-Sensitive Social Protection
Policy paper
The COVID-19 pandemic is negatively affecting children’s lives in a myriad of ways. Well-intentioned government containment and response efforts such as movement restrictions and school closures have disrupted education for more than 1.5 billion students, leaving some of the most vulnerable children without nutritious school meals and at heightened risk of dropping out when schools reopen....
25 June 2020
COVID-19: A chance to empower citizens through social protection
Report
Billions of US$ are now being distributed to citizens by governments to stave off deteriorating economic impact and rising poverty from COVID-19. The unprecedented pandemic demands an unprecedented government response. More than 126 countries have already introduced or adapted social protection or labour policies to assist those in need. The World Bank, which has played a key role in building...
1 May 2020
Covid-19 WVI Cash, Voucher Programming Modalities
Guidelines and Tools
With the increasing number of affected countries, confirmed and suspected cases, and mortality rates in March 2020, a holistic humanitarian preparedness, response and recovery effort requires flexible adaptive tools. WVI, based on its strategic Cash Roadmap and Our Promise to serve the most vulnerable children and their communities, recommends the use of cash and voucher programming (CVP)...
2 April 2020
Savings Groups and COVID-19
Guidelines and Tools
COVID-19 poses crucial health and economic risks for Savings Groups as
markets falter, mobility is restricted, and community gathering is restrained. As many members are women, they are likely
to be primary caregivers during the health crisis, which puts them at special risk of additional burdens, as well as increased risk of intimate partner and sexual violence.
These recommendations will...
April 2020
Humanitarian Cash Voucher Programming To Social Protection – Leveraging Effective Community Empowerment Through Social Accountability
Report
This document is intended for staff working on cash voucher programming (linked into government schemes), social accountability and advocacy. The aim is to support staff who are:
1) involved in working with cash voucher programming working in tandem with government social protection systems in order to make cash payments more equitable and efficient and strengthen government systems
2)...
2020
The humanitarian currency enabling children’s future – Inter-agency cash roundtable
Report
This summary report highlights key presentation insights, and recommendations from the CALP Network & World Vision co-hosted inter-agency Cash Roundtable, focusing on how CVA can be an enabler to promote child protection and child wellbeing, based on most recent research, case studies from across the globe against the backdrop of most recent developments, approaches in the humanitarian sector.
30 September 2019
How Cash-Based Approaches affect Nutrition Outcomes: Case Studies from World Vision cash programmes in Bangladesh and South Sudan
Report
Case studies South Sudan & Bangladesh – analysis of how different modalities meet their basic needs with flexibility and dignity, esp. contributing to improved nutrition outcomes. Factors such as spending patterns, availability of nutritious food in markets, dietary changes & coping strategies, transfer values, duration, sustainability of intervention were among the factors analysed.
June 2019
How Cash-Based Approaches Affect Nutrition Outcomes – Guidence Note
Guidelines and Tools
Based on the case studies from South Sudan and Bangladesh, this summary guidance provides advise on use of CVA for improved nutrition outcomes in vulnerable children, emphasising recommendations to ensure that:
– as part of design and targeting, there is improved consideration of nutrition needs in MEB calculation
– appropriate duration of intervention – for children under 24 months/age...
June 2019
Humanitarian CVA & Linkages to Social Protection – Indonesia told us what we already knew
Report
Case study highlights linkages from disaster-response MPCA in Sulawesi/ Indonesia in 2018 to Child Sensitive Social Protection Programmes – key learnings and best practise. https://www.wvi.org/stories/disaster-management/indonesia-told-us-what-we-already-knew-and-more
April 2019
Understanding Cash-Based Programming & Protection in the Northern Region of Iraq-KRI
Report
Cash and Protection Study on impact of CVA (food security focus) on protection outcomes, particularly for women and children.
The study used a survey and interviews about perceptions of safety and protection from violence in different settings: the home, the local neighbourhood, and the community more broadly based on 4 key questions. The study also used Most Significant Change methodology to...
2019
Rapid Assessment of Markets: World Vision Ecuador
Case Study
Information was collected in 7 cities which were selected because they have the highest Venezuelan population, and there are no other NGOs collecting similar information. Population surveyed corresponds to the Venezuelan population, complemented with interviews conducted in markets and houses where the Venezuelan population lives.
2019
Collaborative Cash Delivery (CCD) Network Global Collaboration Agreement
Guidelines and Tools
The annual meeting of the Grand Bargain (GB) – a facilitation group made up of global humanitarian leaders from Sweden, the US, OCHA, UNICEF, IFRC and InterAction – held on 27th June saw the presentation of a letter of intent endorsed by the CEOs of the Collaborative Cash Delivery (CCD) Network partnership. The 15 international non-governmental organisations operate in every crisis context...
2019
Protecting Nutrition of Pregnant and Lactating Women and Children in Acute Food Crises
Report
This briefing sheet provides an overview of methods and findings from a study examing the impact of cash and voucher assistance on prevention of acute malnutrition among pregnant and lactating women and children in the context of the 2017/18 Somalia food crisis. Changes in diet and acute malnutrition were measured over a four-month period among pregnant and lactating women and children age 6...
26 October 2018
Ecuador CCD Multi-Sectorial Needs Assessment
Report
Ecuador CCD Multi-Sectorial Needs Assessment Key Findings and Advocacy Messages High food insecurity amongst Venezuelan population: 50% had experience moderate to severe hunger in the past months. 23% of PLW had experienced sever hunger. Important proportion of Venezuelans living in public spaces, including women and PLW, notably in border areas, with associated protection and health...
1 October 2018
E-Voucher – Electronic Voucher – Cash Based Programming
Guidelines and Tools
Last Mile Mobile Solutions, LMMS E-Voucher Electronic Solution
The Electronic Voucher provides the ability to:
– Deliver cash programmes to beneficiaries through transfer of electronic vouchers
– Enables full end-to-end digitalized tracking of transactions
– Increases security of the transfers
– Delivers value and dignity to the beneficiaries
E-Voucher also enables organizations...
2018
Partnering with Mobile Network Operators in Zimbabwe to Deliver Cash Transfers
Report
This case study seeks to investigate and document the following: The process of engagement between MNOs and CARE. Clarity of roles between CARE/WVI as implementing agencies and MNOs. Successes and challenges in the partnership between CARE/WVI and the MNOs Measures taken to manage the impact of the liquidity crisis on the programme’s objectives Lessons learned for future cash transfer...
2017
Enacting urban cash for work programmes in Lebanon in response to the Syrian refugee crisis
Guidelines and Tools
Humanitarian crises in cities require responses that reflect the urban context,address urban challenges, and provide urbanised solutions. This paper focuses on providing guidance on good practice in cash for work (CfW) programmes. Focusing on Lebanon and the Syrian refugee crisis, the paper provides nine principles for better programming outcomes. The principles include issues such as...
2017
Feasibility of Multi-purpose Cash Transfers in N’Guigmi
Report
This assessment was conducted by World Vision’s Emergency Program in the Lake Chad Basin. The objective was to: 1) Do a comprehensive needs assessment of the affected populations in the area, 2) Specify the amount of the minimum expenditure basket 3) Evaluate the market capacity and feasibility of multi-purpose Cash interventions. The evaluation was conducted in 7 sites, 6 out of them in the...
2017
Inter-Agency Livelihood Assessment Targeting Refugees and Host Communities in IMVEPI and Rhino Camp Settlements Arua District, Northern Uganda
Case Study
This inter-agency needs assessment by World Vision Uganda (WVU), UNHCR and Caritas was conducted in two settlement areas of Rhino and Imvepi located in the West Nile Region of Uganda. The Imvepi settlement is the most recently opened area (February 2017) for resettlement and located about 72km east of the district town of Arua. This settlement is expected to resettle about 100,000 South...
2017
Research agenda-setting on cash programming for health and nutrition in humanitarian settings
Report
While the evidence base for cash transfer programming (CTP) in humanitarian contexts is more established for food security, it is very limited for health. The aim of this study was to develop a research agenda on CTP for health and nutrition in humanitarian settings.
2017
Targeting vulnerable households for humanitarian cash transfers: using a community based, participatory approach to target the most vulnerable in Zimbabwe’s cash-first response
Report
Over 73,000 drought affected households across 15 districts in Zimbabwe received monthly multi-purpose, unconditional cash transfers. With such a large caseload over a wide area, 100% verification of the households would not have been the most resource efficient approach. Moreover, there would have been a lack of community ownership in the process. This case study explores the participatory...
2017
Cash-based programming to address hunger in conflict-affected South Sudan: A case study
Report
For some time aid agencies and donors have recognised the benefits of utilising markets to deliver food assistance. And for almost as long, cash-based programming has been effective in doing this by improving people’s ability to purchase sufficient nutritious food. Addressing hunger through cash and voucher programmes removes the cost of transporting and storing food for implementing...
2016
Rapid Assessment for Markets: Bidibidi Refugee Settlement
Report
The Rapid Assessment of Markets (RAM) conducted within the Bidibidi Refugee Settlement and in the surrounding Ugandan towns and trading centres sheds some light upon the rapidly developing network of marketplaces within one of the world’s fastest growing refugee settlements. The RAM highligthed key challenges and opportunities for cash-based interventions and supported decision-making...
2016
Know Your Customer Standards and Privacy Recommendations for Cash Transfers
Guidelines and Tools
This report reviews how Know Your Customer (KYC) standards – rules designed to combat criminal money laundering and terrorism financing – are applied in humanitarian cash programs. The report examines the practices of aid agencies and their processing of the personal information of aid beneficiaries for KYC purposes, and the report assesses the privacy implications of the processing...
2015
Challenges and the State of Play of Interoperability in Cash Transfer Programming
Guidelines and Tools
This study explores the factors driving the design of interoperability for Cash Transfer Programming. It outlines the rapidly changing environment in which digital services are emerging, the types of digital collaborations that could be enabled, and the key design challenges that confront effective interoperability. The executive summary can be downloaded here.
2015
Mobile Money Systems for Humanitarian Delivery: World Vision cash transfer project in Gihembe refugee camp, Rwanda
Report
One of the factors driving the steady shift towards employing technology is the rapid expansion of the mobile telecommunications system and its potential to reach even remote areas of the world. According to global statistics, there are almost 7 billion mobilecellular subscriptions, three-quarters of them in developing countries. This creates a new opportunity for cash transfer using mobile...
2014
Helping Families, Closing Camps: Using rental support cash grants and other housing solutions to end displacement in camps
Guidelines and Tools
Rental Support Cash Grants have enabled over 14,000 families to move from Haiti’s displacement camps into safe housing. Since October 2010, ten months after the January 12th earthquake, these grants of $500 US Dollars covering one year of rent have proven to be a fast, effective and relatively inexpensive method of providing housing solutions. Questions have been raised about the...
2012
Cash Learning Bulletin August 2011
Report
This newsletter includes articles and updates on: Smart cards used for the first time in Zimbabwe cash transfers Philippines cash learning group starts up Technical forum on cash transfers in Kenya & Somalia CALP Ivory Coast cash guidelines and details of forthcoming research for the period.
2011
The Voucher programme in the Gaza Strip – Mid-term review
Report
The WFP voucher project is part of the emergency operation (EMOP 10817.0) to assist the recovery of the population affected by the conflict in Gaza Strip. WFP emergency operation has the following objectives: Meet urgent needs and improve the food consumption for conflict-affected people targeted beneficiaries (WFP Strategic Objective 1 “Save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies”)...
2011
Protection
Guidelines and Tools
Protection mainstreaming is a practical, efficient and effective means to maximise the protective impact of aid programming. Through incorporating protection principles into aid design and delivery, humanitarian actors can:
Promote the human rights of affected populations
Enhance affected populations’ safety and dignity
Reduce the risks of discrimination, abuse, violence, neglect and...
2011
Lessons Learned from the Post Election Violence Early Recovery Programme in Kenya 2008-2009
Case Study
The Kenya Post Election Violence (PEV) Early Recovery Programme was an ECHO-supported response by six international NGOs to the ethnic and political violence which severely affected livelihoods in the Rift Valley, Nyanza and Central Provinces after the disputed national elections in late December 2007. Over 1,200 people died and as many as 500,000 were displaced at the peak of the crisis....
August 2009
Cash transfers in emergencies: A synthesis of World Vision’s experience and learning
Report
This HPG study report, commissioned by World Vision, looks at the shifting view towards cash programming by the humanitarian community, and focuses on the specific challenges and needs which World Vision would have to address when considering the use of cash in emergencies. A general background of cash programming is given, including appropriateness in different contexts, along with various...
September 2008
Cash Transfers, Gender and Generational Relations: Evidence from a Pilot Project in Lesotho
Report
Food aid has been the main response to repeated and protracted humanitarian crises in Lesotho since 2002, and during that time it has also been the major part of World Vision’s emergency responses. Along with the government, donors and NGOs, World Vision is increasingly interested in the role that cash transfers can play in tackling hunger and vulnerability, and is implementing a pilot cash...
2008
Cash Transfers in Lesotho: An evaluation of World Vision’s Cash and Food Transfers Pilot Project
Report
The Cash and Food Transfers Pilot Project (CFTPP) was designed and implemented as World Vision‟s contribution to the humanitarian response to the 2007/08 food crisis in Lesotho. This crisis was triggered by Lesotho‟s worst drought in 30 years, which reduced maize yields by 42% and left an estimated 553,000 people (approximately 25% of the national population) in need of emergency...
2008
Is cash a feasible alternative to food aid for post-drought relief in Lesotho
Case Study
This report summarises the findings from a study undertaken to assess whether or not a cash based response by World Vision to the current drought in Lesotho would be an appropriate and feasible response. It looks at the potential problems which could affect the feasibility of cash interventions and assesses their relevance to the implementation. The issues covered include the market and...
September 2007